Fatty facts
It is a group of chemical compounds that are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that can be found in plants and animals. It is an important source of food energy for both plants and animals. Fats, carbohydrate and proteins are necessary to the body. Animals and human beings store fats under the surface of the skin while most plants will store it in the seeds.
Fat Nutrition
Fat is a more efficient fuel than carbohydrates and proteins. It can produce about 4,000 calories of energy per pound while carbohydrates and proteins can each only produce about 1,800 calories per pound.
It is a high energy content and also the body's most efficient form of stored fuel. The body can store fat that is almost dry, but large amounts of water are needed to store carbohydrates and proteins. The body then converts carbohydrates and proteins into adipose tissue for storage.
It is made up of alcohol called glycerol and substances called fatty acids which are necessary for the growth and maintenance of the body and are building blocks for membranes that make up the outer border of every cell in the body. It also forms many complex structures inside body cells. It is a main part of membranes of the retina, the part where eyes turn light into nerve impulses. Synapses is the junctions between the body's individual nerve cells and it is also rich in essential fatty acids.
Most people are aware of the visible fats they eat for example butter, meat, and salad oils. But some people are not aware of the invisible one in milk, eggs, fish, and nuts and they are spread finely throughout certain animals and plants
Fat Cholesterol
Many scientists believe that by controlling the intake of foods that is high in cholesterol and saturated fats can help to reduce the risk of developing coronary heart disease. They also agree that other factors such as smoking, stress, lack of exercise, or being overweight will contribute to the development of coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease occurs when cholesterol, a white waxy substance, build up on the inner walls of the arteries that nourish heart. Therefore, the artery walls may eventually become hard, rough, and narrow. Heart attacks usually result from the blood clot that blocks the narrowed coronary artery.
An excessive accumulation of fat in the adipose tissue is known as obesity. Obesity can be due to too much food intake, too little exercise, or glandular disorders. Some diseases, such as appendicitis, cirrhosis of the liver, coronary heart disease, and diabetes, will be more difficult to treat if the patient is obese.
Most fats are made up of one molecule of glycerol which also known as glycerin, combined with three molecules of fatty acids. Each of these acids forms a long chain of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached to them and they are linked to the glycerol molecule to form a molecule.
A saturated fatty acids has as many hydrogen atoms as possible attached to the carbon chain. The carbon atoms of this chain are joined together by single bonds. An example is stearic acid.
In an unsaturated fatty acid, at least one pair of carbon atoms is joined by a double bond. For each such bond, the carbon chain is missing a pair of hydrogen atoms. An example is oleic acid.
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